"""
Graph utilities and algorithms

Graphs are represented with their adjacency matrices, preferably using
sparse matrices.
"""

# Authors: Aric Hagberg <hagberg@lanl.gov>
#          Gael Varoquaux <gael.varoquaux@normalesup.org>
# License: BSD

import numpy as np
from scipy import sparse

from .graph_shortest_path import graph_shortest_path


###############################################################################
# Path and connected component analysis.
# Code adapted from networkx

def single_source_shortest_path_length(graph, source, cutoff=None):
    """Return the shortest path length from source to all reachable nodes.

    Returns a dictionary of shortest path lengths keyed by target.

    Parameters
    ----------
    graph: sparse matrix or 2D array (preferably LIL matrix)
        Adjacency matrix of the graph
    source : node label
       Starting node for path
    cutoff : integer, optional
        Depth to stop the search - only
        paths of length <= cutoff are returned.

    Examples
    --------
    >>> from sklearn.utils.graph import single_source_shortest_path_length
    >>> import numpy as np
    >>> graph = np.array([[ 0, 1, 0, 0],
    ...                   [ 1, 0, 1, 0],
    ...                   [ 0, 1, 0, 1],
    ...                   [ 0, 0, 1, 0]])
    >>> single_source_shortest_path_length(graph, 0)
    {0: 0, 1: 1, 2: 2, 3: 3}
    >>> single_source_shortest_path_length(np.ones((6, 6)), 2)
    {0: 1, 1: 1, 2: 0, 3: 1, 4: 1, 5: 1}
    """
    if sparse.isspmatrix(graph):
        graph = graph.tolil()
    else:
        graph = sparse.lil_matrix(graph)
    seen = {}                   # level (number of hops) when seen in BFS
    level = 0                   # the current level
    next_level = [source]       # dict of nodes to check at next level
    while next_level:
        this_level = next_level     # advance to next level
        next_level = set()          # and start a new list (fringe)
        for v in this_level:
            if v not in seen:
                seen[v] = level     # set the level of vertex v
                next_level.update(graph.rows[v])
        if cutoff is not None and cutoff <= level:
            break
        level += 1
    return seen  # return all path lengths as dictionary


if hasattr(sparse, 'cs_graph_components'):
    cs_graph_components = sparse.cs_graph_components
else:
    from ._csgraph import cs_graph_components


###############################################################################
# Graph laplacian
def _graph_laplacian_sparse(graph, normed=False, return_diag=False):
    n_nodes = graph.shape[0]
    if not graph.format == 'coo':
        lap = (-graph).tocoo()
    else:
        lap = -graph.copy()
    diag_mask = (lap.row == lap.col)
    if not diag_mask.sum() == n_nodes:
        # The sparsity pattern of the matrix has holes on the diagonal,
        # we need to fix that
        diag_idx = lap.row[diag_mask]

        lap = lap.tolil()

        diagonal_holes = list(set(range(n_nodes)).difference(diag_idx))
        lap[diagonal_holes, diagonal_holes] = 1
        lap = lap.tocoo()
        diag_mask = (lap.row == lap.col)
    lap.data[diag_mask] = 0
    w = -np.asarray(lap.sum(axis=1)).squeeze()
    if normed:
        w = np.sqrt(w)
        w_zeros = w == 0
        w[w_zeros] = 1
        lap.data /= w[lap.row]
        lap.data /= w[lap.col]
        lap.data[diag_mask] = (1 - w_zeros).astype(lap.data.dtype)
    else:
        lap.data[diag_mask] = w[lap.row[diag_mask]]
    if return_diag:
        return lap, w
    return lap


def _graph_laplacian_dense(graph, normed=False, return_diag=False):
    n_nodes = graph.shape[0]
    lap = -graph.copy()
    lap.flat[::n_nodes + 1] = 0
    w = -lap.sum(axis=0)
    if normed:
        w = np.sqrt(w)
        w_zeros = w == 0
        w[w_zeros] = 1
        lap /= w
        lap /= w[:, np.newaxis]
        lap.flat[::n_nodes + 1] = 1 - w_zeros
    else:
        lap.flat[::n_nodes + 1] = w
    if return_diag:
        return lap, w
    return lap


def graph_laplacian(graph, normed=False, return_diag=False):
    """ Return the Laplacian of the given graph.
    """
    if normed and (np.issubdtype(graph.dtype, np.int) or
                   np.issubdtype(graph.dtype, np.uint)):
        graph = graph.astype(np.float)
    if sparse.isspmatrix(graph):
        return _graph_laplacian_sparse(graph, normed=normed,
                                       return_diag=return_diag)
    else:
        # We have a numpy array
        return _graph_laplacian_dense(graph, normed=normed,
                                      return_diag=return_diag)